Resumen: Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Tobacco use, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity are some of the lifestyle risk factors that have led to an increase in cancer. This article updates the evidence, and includes recommendations for prevention strategies for each of the cancers with the highest incidence. These are based on the reduction of risk factors (primary prevention) and early diagnosis of cancer through screening and early detection of signs and symptoms, in medium-risk and high-risk populations. Idioma: Español DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2020.09.003 Año: 2020 Publicado en: Atencion Primaria 52 (2020), 44-69 ISSN: 0212-6567 Factor impacto JCR: 1.137 (2020) Categ. JCR: PRIMARY HEALTH CARE rank: 17 / 18 = 0.944 (2020) - Q4 - T3 Categ. JCR: MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL rank: 130 / 169 = 0.769 (2020) - Q4 - T3 Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 0.273 - Medicine (miscellaneous) (Q3) - Family Practice (Q3)