Resumen: We study the dynamics of action potentials of some electrically excitable cells: neurons and cardiac muscle cells. Bursting, following a fast–slow dynamics, is the most characteristic behavior of these dynamical systems, and the number of spikes may change due to spike-adding phenomenon. Using analytical and numerical methods we give, by focusing on the paradigmatic 3D Hindmarsh–Rose neuron model, a review of recent results on the global organization of the parameter space of neuron models with bursting regions occurring between saddle-node and homoclinic bifurcations (fold/hom bursting). We provide a generic overview of the different bursting regimes that appear in the parametric phase space of the model and the bifurcations among them. These techniques are applied in two realistic frameworks: insect movement gait changes and the appearance of Early Afterdepolarizations in cardiac dynamics. Idioma: Inglés DOI: 10.1007/s40324-023-00328-2 Año: 2024 Publicado en: SEMA Journal 81 (2024), 113-146 ISSN: 2254-3902 Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 0.516 - Applied Mathematics (Q2) - Numerical Analysis (Q2) - Modeling and Simulation (Q2) - Control and Optimization (Q2)