Resumen: Partial orders defined on a nonempty set X admitting a two-agent Pareto representation are characterized. The characterization is based upon the fulfillment of two axioms. The first one entails the existence, for any point x € X, of a very particular decomposition of the points which are incomparable to x. The second one encodes a separability condition. Our approach is then applied to show that if the cardinality of X is, at most, 5, then a two-agent Pareto representation always exists whereas this need not be the case otherwise. The connection with the concept of the dimension of a poset is also discussed. Certain examples are also presented that illustrate the scope of our tools. Idioma: Inglés DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2023.102806 Año: 2023 Publicado en: JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PSYCHOLOGY 116 (2023), 102806 [6 pp.] ISSN: 0022-2496 Factor impacto JCR: 2.2 (2023) Categ. JCR: PSYCHOLOGY, MATHEMATICAL rank: 4 / 13 = 0.308 (2023) - Q2 - T1 Categ. JCR: MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS rank: 39 / 135 = 0.289 (2023) - Q2 - T1 Categ. JCR: SOCIAL SCIENCES, MATHEMATICAL METHODS rank: 17 / 67 = 0.254 (2023) - Q2 - T1 Factor impacto CITESCORE: 3.7 - Psychology (all) (Q2) - Applied Mathematics (Q2)