Behavioural cardiovascular risk factors and prevalence of diabetes in subjects with familial hypercholesterolaemia

Perez-Calahorra, S. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Civeira, F. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Guallar-Castillón, P. ; Pinto, X. ; Banegas, J. R. ; Pedro-Botet, J. ; Suarez-Tembra, M. ; Mauri, M. ; Soler, C. ; Rodriguez-Artalejo, F. ; Laclaustra, M. (Universidad de Zaragoza)

Resumen: A low prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus has been reported in familial hypercholesterolaemia. Whether a healthier lifestyle could explain it has not been explored. This cross-sectional study determines the prevalence of lifestyle-related cardiovascular risk factors in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) from the Dyslipidaemia Registry of the Spanish Atherosclerosis Society and in the ENRICA study, a representative sample of the adult Spanish general population, weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the HeFH sample. A total of 2185 HeFH patients and 11, 856 individuals from ENRICA were included. HeFH had lower body mass index and fewer of them were smokers than in the reference population. A model adjusted for age, sex and body mass index showed that HeFH more frequently had cardiovascular disease (odds ratio (OR) 23.98; 95% confidence interval (CI) 18.40–31.23) and hypertension (OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.07–1.35), and took anti-hypertensive medication (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.18–1.56) and anti-diabetic medication (OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.00–1.56), but less frequently were smokers (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.71–0.89). In a HeFH subsample (n = 513) with complete blood glucose information, those patients without cardiovascular disease showed lower prevalence of smoking and type 2 diabetes mellitus, lower body mass index and glucose, and higher diastolic blood pressure than the Spanish population. The differences in type 2 diabetes mellitus were justified mostly by the difference in body mass index. Body mass index adjustment also showed higher prevalence of hypertension and use of anti-hypertensive drugs in HeFH. In summary, HeFH patients had lower body mass index, which may contribute to explaining the lower prevalence of diabetes, and lower current smoking but higher hypertension. © The European Society of Cardiology 2020.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1177/2047487319896138

Año: 2020

Publicado en: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 27, 15 (2020), 1649-1660
ISSN: 2047-4873

Factor impacto JCR: 7.804 (2020)

Categ. JCR: CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS rank: 18 / 141 = 0.128 (2020) - Q1 - T1

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 1.669 - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (Q1) - Epidemiology (Q1)

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII-ERDF/CIBERCV-CB16-11-00451

Tipo y forma: Artículo (PostPrint)

Área (Departamento): Área Enfermería (Dpto. Fisiatría y Enfermería)
Área (Departamento): Area Medicina (Dpto. Medicina, Psiqu. y Derm.)