Designing safe recycled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) for child toys

Vera, Paula (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Canellas, Elena (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Nerín, Cristina (Universidad de Zaragoza)

Resumen: New high-density polyethylene (HDPE) manufactured from different percentage of post-consumer recycled HDPE milk bottles was studied through two static and dynamic migration tests using saliva simulant to assess the potential hazard to children. Sixty-nine compounds were identified, including several additives used in PE synthesis such as alkanes, alkenes, antioxidants and plasticizers as well as non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) like degradation products such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, phenol, 2,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyacetophenone, or various residues from flavoring agents, cleaning products and essential oils. Some of these compounds as the isomers p and o t-butylcyclohexyl acetate, 3-Octanol, 3,7-dimethyl- and thujanol acetate (3-) pose a potential risk to children, as their concentrations exceed the recommended Cramer values for high percentages of recycling. This suggests improving recycling processes by incorporating advanced cleaning to remove residual products and contaminants.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135482

Año: 2024

Publicado en: Journal of Hazardous Materials 478 (2024), 135482
ISSN: 0304-3894

Factor impacto JCR: 11.3 (2024)

Categ. JCR: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES rank: 19 / 374 = 0.051 (2024) - Q1 - T1
Categ. JCR: ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL rank: 5 / 83 = 0.06 (2024) - Q1 - T1

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 3.078 - Environmental Chemistry (Q1) - Environmental Engineering (Q1) - Waste Management and Disposal (Q1) - Pollution (Q1) - Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis (Q1)

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIN/RYC2021-034150-I
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2021-123742OB-I00

Tipo y forma: Artículo (Versión definitiva)

Área (Departamento): Área Química Analítica (Dpto. Química Analítica)
Área (Departamento): Proy. investigación HVA (Dpto. Química Analítica)