Perinatal factors influence on the neurocognitive development of children born small for gestational age (SGA) during the first 2 years of life

García Ventura, María ; de Arriba Muñoz, Antonio (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Puga González, Beatriz ; Abenia Usón, Pilar ; Sánchez Malo, María José ; Labarta Aizpún, José Ignacio (Universidad de Zaragoza)

Resumen: Background and objective: Children born small for gestational age (SGA) show higher risk of neurodevelopmental and cognitive abnormalities. The objective of this study is to determine in children born SGA the neurodevelopment during the first 2 years of life and to establish the influence of anthropometric data, gestational age, multiple gestation and perinatal factors.
Patients and method: Observational, prospective, descriptive and analytical study of the neurocognitive assessment performed, with Brunet-Lézine test, on SGA children (n = 91) from 3 to 24 months of age, comparing with own controls.
Results: Ninety-one SGA children, 47% girls, 83.5% single pregnancies; mean gestational age 37.7 weeks (standard deviation (SD) 2.1). Weight at birth 2053 g (SD 433.1), length 43.9 cm (SD 2.6) and head circumference 31.7 cm (SD 1.7). The SGA population shows significantly lower neurodevelopment than the control population, with a tendency to improve during the first 2 years of life. There are no differences by sex. SGA children born to multiple gestations have lower neurodevelopment only during the first year of life. There is a direct and positive correlation between weight, length and head circumference with neurocognitive development at 6, 9, 12 and 18 months. Gestational age correlated with better neurodevelopment at 3 and 6 months.
Conclusions: Children born SGA present lower neurodevelopment than the control population. A greater impact on weight, length, and head circumference at birth is correlated with poorer neurocognitive development. Multiparity does not show significant influence on neurodevelopment evolution.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1016/j.endien.2022.03.006

Año: 2022

Publicado en: Endocrinología, diabetes y nutrición (English ed.) 69, 4 (2022), 271-278
ISSN: 2530-0180

Factor impacto JCR: 1.9 (2022)

Categ. JCR: NUTRITION & DIETETICS rank: 72 / 87 = 0.828 (2022) - Q4 - T3
Categ. JCR: ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM rank: 128 / 144 = 0.889 (2022) - Q4 - T3

Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)

Área (Departamento): Área Pediatría (Dpto. Microb.Ped.Radio.Sal.Pú.)