Lower breast cancer risk among women following the World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research lifestyle recommendations: Epigeicam case-control study

Castelló, A. ; Martín, M. ; Ruiz, A. ; Casas, A.M. ; Baena-Cañada, J.M. ; Lope, V. ; Antolín, S. ; Sánchez, P. ; Ramos, M. ; Antón, A. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Muñoz, M. ; Bermejo, B. ; De Juan-Ferré, A. ; Jara, C. ; Chacón, J.I. ; Jimeno, M.A. ; Rosado, P. ; Díaz, E. ; Guillem, V. ; Lluch, A. ; Carrasco, E. ; Pérez-Gómez, B. ; Vioque, J. ; Pollán, M.

Resumen: Background: According to the "World Cancer Research Fund" and the "American Institute of Cancer Research" (WCRF/AICR) one in four cancer cases could be prevented through a healthy diet, weight control and physical activity. Objective: To explore the association between the WCRF/AICR recommendations and risk of breast cancer. Methods: During the period 2006 to 2011 we recruited 973 incident cases of breast cancer and 973 controls from 17 Spanish Regions. We constructed a score based on 9 of the WCRF/AICR recommendations for cancer prevention:: 1)Maintain adequate body weight; 2)Be physically active; 3)Limit the intake of high density foods; 4)Eat mostly plant foods; 5)Limit the intake of animal foods; 6)Limit alcohol intake; 7)Limit salt and salt preserved food intake; 8)Meet nutritional needs through diet; S1)Breastfeed infants exclusively up to 6 months. We explored its association with BC by menopausal status and by intrinsic tumor subtypes (ER +/PR+ & HER2-; HER2+; ER&PR-;&HER2-;) using conditional and multinomial logistic models respectively. Results: Our results point to a linear association between the degree of noncompliance and breast cancer risk. Taking women who met 6 or more recommendations as reference, those meeting less than 3 showed a three-fold excess risk (OR=2.98(CI95%:1.59-5.59)), especially for postmenopausal women (OR=3.60(CI95%:1.24;10.47)) and ER+/PR+&HER2-;(OR=3.60 (CI95%:1.84;7.05)) and HER2+ (OR=4.23(CI95%:1.66;10.78)) tumors. Noncompliance of recommendations regarding the consumption of foods and drinks that promote weight gain in premenopausal women (OR=2.24(CI95%:1.18;4.28); p for interaction=0.014) and triple negative tumors (OR=2.93(CI95%:1.12-7.63)); the intake of plant foods in postmenopausal women (OR=2.35(CI95%:1.24;4.44)) and triple negative tumors (OR=3.48(CI95%:1.46-8.31)); and the alcohol consumption in ER+/PR+&HER2-tumors; (OR=1.52 (CI95%:1.06-2.19)) showed the strongest associations. Conclusion: Breast cancer prevention might be possible by following the "World Cancer Research Fund" and the "American Institute of Cancer Research" recommendations, even in settings like Spain, where a high percentage of women already comply with many of them.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126096

Año: 2015

Publicado en: PloS one 10, 5 (2015), 0126096 [15 pp]
ISSN: 1932-6203

Factor impacto JCR: 3.057 (2015)

Categ. JCR: MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES rank: 11 / 62 = 0.177 (2015) - Q1 - T1

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 1.427 - Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) (Q1) - Medicine (miscellaneous) (Q1) - Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous) (Q1)

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/FIS/CD110-00018

Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)

Área (Departamento): Area Medicina (Dpto. Medicina, Psiqu. y Derm.)