Página principal > Artículos > Vine Shoots-Derived Hard Carbons as Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Role of Annealing Temperature in Regulating Their Structure and Morphology
Resumen: Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are considered one of the most promising large‐scale and low‐cost energy storage systems due to the abundance and low price of sodium. Herein, hard carbons from a sustainable biomass feedstock (vine shoots) were synthesized via a simple two‐step carbonization process at different highest temperatures to be used as anodes in SIBs. The hard carbon produced at 1200 °C delivered the highest reversible capacity (270 mAh g−1 at 0.03 A g−1, with an acceptable initial coulombic efficiency of 71 %) since a suitable balance between the pseudographitic domains growth and the retention of microporosity, defects, and functional groups was achieved. A prominent cycling stability with a capacity retention of 97 % over 315 cycles was also attained. Comprehensive characterization unraveled a three‐stage sodium storage mechanism based on adsorption, intercalation, and filling of pores. A remarkable specific capacity underestimation of up to 38 % was also found when a two‐electrode half‐cell configuration was employed to measure the rate performance. To avoid this systematic error caused by the counter/reference electrode polarization, we strongly recommend the use of a three‐electrode setup or a full‐cell configuration to correctly evaluate the anode response at moderate and high current rates. Idioma: Inglés DOI: 10.1002/batt.202300233 Año: 2023 Publicado en: Batteries & supercaps (2023), e202300233 [13 pp.] ISSN: 2566-6223 Factor impacto JCR: 5.1 (2023) Categ. JCR: MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY rank: 130 / 439 = 0.296 (2023) - Q2 - T1 Categ. JCR: ELECTROCHEMISTRY rank: 13 / 45 = 0.289 (2023) - Q2 - T1 Factor impacto CITESCORE: 8.6 - Electrochemistry (Q1) - Energy Engineering and Power Technology (Q1) - Electrical and Electronic Engineering (Q1)