Effects of a multicomponent training and a detraining period on cognitive and functional performance of older adults at risk of frailty

Moradell, Ana (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Iguacel, Isabel (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Navarrete-Villanueva, David (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Fernández-García, Ángel Iván (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; González-Gross, Marcela ; Pérez-Gómez, Jorge ; Ara, Ignacio ; Casajús, Jose Antonio (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Gómez-Cabello, Alba ; Vicente-Rodríguez, Germán (Universidad de Zaragoza)

Resumen: This study analyzes the effects of a 6-month multicomponent exercise program (MCT) followed by a 4-month detraining period on functional and cognitive status in pre-frail and frail older adults.
Methods. A total of 108 pre-frail and frail adults aged 65 and older participated in the study. They were assigned by convenience to either a control group (CG) or an intervention group (IG). The IG underwent a 6-month MCT followed by a 4-month detraining period. Assessments included a DT test, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and evaluations of basic and instrumental activities of daily living. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA. Results. Significant group-by-time interactions were observed for the DT test (p < 0.05). The IG showed improved DT performance after the 6-month MCT (4.0, 95% CI: 2.2 to 5.7 s), followed by a decline after the detraining period (-1.1, 95% CI: -2.1 to -0.2 s). However, performance after detraining remained higher than at baseline (2.9, 95% CI: 1.0 to 4.6 s, p < 0.05). No statistically significant changes were observed in the CG. Additionally, no significant effects were found for MMSE scores or daily activity questionnaires.
MCT had beneficial effects on functional and cognitive performance in older adults, as assessed by the DT test. However, improvements in DT performance did not translate into better daily life activities. Although the 4-month detraining period negatively impacted DT performance, the results remained superior to baseline levels.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1007/s40520-025-03011-w

Año: 2025

Publicado en: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research 37, 1 (2025), 117 [11 pp.]
ISSN: 1720-8319

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/AEI/RED2022-134800-T
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/FEDER/CB16-10-00477
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII/CB12-03-30038
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/DEP2016-78309-R
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/UZ/UZCUD2017-BIO-01
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/UZ/UZ2021-BIO-05

Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)

Área (Departamento): Área Nutrición Bromatología (Dpto. Produc.Animal Cienc.Ali.)
Área (Departamento): Área Enfermería (Dpto. Fisiatría y Enfermería)
Área (Departamento): Área Educación Física y Depor. (Dpto. Fisiatría y Enfermería)